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|Section2= |Section3= }} Muramyl dipeptide is a peptidoglycan constituent of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria composed of N-acetylmuramic acid linked by its lactic acid moiety to the N-terminus of an L-alanine D-isoglutamine dipeptide. It can be recognized by the immune system as a pathogen-associated molecular pattern and activate the NALP3 inflammasome which in turn leads to cytokine activation, especially IL-1α and IL-1β. 〔(Curr Biol. 2004 Nov 9;14(21):1929-34. ), Martinon F, Agostini L, Meylan E, Tschopp J. ''Identification of bacterial muramyl dipeptide as activator of the NALP3/cryopyrin inflammasome.''.〕 ==See also== * Dipeptide * Mifamurtide, a synthetic analogue for the treatment of osteosarcoma 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Muramyl dipeptide」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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